Ukulawulwa kweendleko zokugcina kubhekiselele kwishishini ekulawuleni ukugcinwa kwazo naziphi na iindlela zokugcina eziyimfuneko ukuthatha iindlela zokulawula, injongo yeendleko zokugcina eziphantsi kakhulu ukufezekisa umgangatho wokugcinwa ochazwe kwangaphambili kunye nobungakanani bokugcinwa, kubandakanywa yonke imizamo yokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina.
1. Imigaqo yolawulo lweendleko zokugcina iimpahla
Umgaqo woqoqosho
Ukonga kukugcinwa kwabantu, izinto eziphathekayo kunye nemali. Ingundoqo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho, imfuno yokusebenza ngokuhambelana nemithetho yezoqoqosho enenjongo, kunye nomgaqo osisiseko wokulawula iindleko.Ngaphantsi kwesikhokhelo salo mgaqo, kufuneka simisele ingcamango entsha yolawulo lweendleko zokugcina impahla: kufuneka. ingabi sisithintelo esibi kunye nolongamelo kuphela, kodwa kufuneka ibe sisikhokelo esisebenzayo kunye nongenelelo.
Ngaphambili, ulawulo lweendleko, ekuqaleni lugxininise kuphela uhlalutyo kunye nokuhlolwa emva kwesiganeko, ngokukodwa kugxininise ekuphunyezweni okungqongqo koluhlu lweendleko kunye nemithetho nemimiselo, eneneni yendalo "yokulungisa emva kwexesha" ulawulo lokukhusela. ;Kamva, yaphuhliswa ukugxila kulawulo lweendleko zemihla ngemihla. Xa kwafunyaniswa ukuba ngenene iphumile kumgangatho okanye kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, iye yanika ingxelo ngoko nangoko kumasebe afanelekileyo ukuze angenelele okanye ahlenga-hlengiswe, ukulungisa iziphene kunye nokudibanisa impumelelo, nto leyo ibilulawulo lwengxelo. umgaqo wogcino nzulu kwixesha elizayo, ugxininiso lolawulo lweendleko kufuneka ludluliselwe kulawulo phambi kokuba iindleko zenzeke, wenze uqikelelo olululo lwezoqoqosho, ucofe ngokupheleleyo amandla angaphakathi okugcina amashishini okugcina, kwaye wenze izibalo ngononophelo kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye usebenze nzima ukwanda kabini kunye necandelo eliphindwe kabini.Ngale ndlela kuphela, ilahleko kunye nenkunkuma inokupheliswa kwangaphambili, ukwenzela ukuba "i-nip in the bud" kwaye idlale ngokufanelekileyo indima yokulawula ukutya.
Umgaqo wokuqonda
Ukuphumeza umthetho-siseko wokuqonda kulawulo lweendleko zesitora ikakhulu kunezi ntsingiselo zimbini zilandelayo.
①. Ulawulo lweendleko ezipheleleyo
Iindleko sisalathiso soqoqosho esibanzi nesinamandla, esibandakanya onke amasebe eshishini kunye neyona ntsebenzo yabo bonke abasebenzi. ukubeka ingqalelo kulawulo lweendleko. Ukuhlanganisa uluntu ukuba luthathe inxaxheba kulawulo lweendleko, ngokuqinisekileyo, asikokurhoxisa okanye ukuthomalalisa iindleko zolawulo lwamaziko oqeqesho kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, kodwa kubuchwephesha, ngokwesiseko solawulo lweendleko, kufuna. konke, yonke into, lonke ixesha kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ye-quota okanye ulawulo lweendleko zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ngale ndlela kuphela, ukuvala izikhewu ezivela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukuphelisa inkcitho.
② Yonke inkqubo yolawulo lweendleko
Kuluntu lwanamhlanje, kufuneka sinike umdlalo opheleleyo kwindima edibeneyo ye-logistics, kwaye someleze ulawulo lweendleko kwindawo yokugcina kunye nezinye izixhumanisi.Ngamanye amazwi, umda wolawulo lweendleko kufuneka uqhube kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenziwa kweendleko.Kuye kwaba ibonakalise ukuba kuphela xa iindleko zomjikelo wobomi bemveliso zilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo iindleko zinokuncitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye ngokwembono yoluntu lonke, kulapho kuphela apho ukugcinwa kweendleko zokwenyani kunokufezekiswa.
Umgaqo wokudibanisa uxanduva, amandla kunye nomdla
Ukuze senze ulawulo lweendleko zogcino lusebenze ngokwenene, kufuneka silandele ngokungqongqo iimfuno zenkqubo yoxanduva lwezoqoqosho kwaye siphumeze umthetho-siseko wokudibanisa uxanduva, ilungelo kunye nenzuzo. Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba kwinkqubo yoxanduva lwezoqoqosho, luxanduva uxanduva kunye namandla elungu ngalinye lokulawula iindleko zoxanduva.Ngokucacileyo, ukuba iyunithi enoxanduva ayinalo la mandla, akukho lawulo.Ngokomzekelo, naliphi na iziko loxanduva lweendleko limisele imigangatho ethile okanye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukuba kufuneka bafezekise uxanduva lolawulo lweendleko, kufuneka banikwe igunya lokugqiba ukuba ingaba iindleko ezithile zinokuchithwa kumda omiselweyo. Ngaphandle kwegunya elinjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo, bekungayi kubakho ulawulo lweendleko. ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo iphulo kunye nolangazelelo lweziko ngalinye loxanduva lweendleko kulawulo lweendleko, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya rhoqo kunye nokuvavanya umsebenzi wabo wokwenene, kwaye unxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nomdla wezoqoqosho wabasebenzi ngokwabo, ukuze imivuzo kunye nezohlwayo zicace.
Imigaqo yolawulo ngokweenjongo
Ulawulo ngeenjongo, olwathi lwaba seUnited States ngeminyaka yoo-1950, lubhekisa kulawulo lweshishini oluthatha iinjongo ezimiselweyo njengesiseko solawulo lwabasebenzi, izixhobo eziphathekayo, izibonelelo zemali kunye nezalathisi ezibalulekileyo zoqoqosho.Ulawulo lweendleko lubalulekile. umxholo wolawulo ngokweenjongo, kufuneka usekwe kwindleko ekujoliswe kuyo, njengomlinganiselo wemisebenzi yoqoqosho lweshishini ukukhawulelana nokukhokela, nokuzabalazela ukwenza ngeyona mali incinci inkcitho, ufumane ezona nzuzo zintle kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo. njengenjongo yokuzabalazela ukufikelela kwiindleko, ke ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo kufuneka libe ngokweemeko ezithile zeli shishini, njengeemeko zezixhobo ezikhoyo, ukukwazi kweshishini kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa, ulwazi lweendleko zembali, njl. njl.) qwalasela iimeko zangaphandle zeshishini (ezifana nomgaqo-nkqubo wemali wesizwe, unikezelo lwemarike kunye nemfuno yemeko, kushishino olufanayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ulwazi olufanayo lweendleko zesebe, njl. njl.), kwaye ke ngokusebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo yolawulo lweendleko. kunye neqhinga, eyona ndleko ekujoliswe kuyo.
Umgaqo wolawulo olukhethekileyo
"Ulawulo olukhethekileyo" yindlela ekhethekileyo esetyenziswa kulawulo lwemihla ngemihla yokusebenza kweshishini kunye nolawulo kumazwe asentshona, ngakumbi kulawulo lwemihla ngemihla lwezalathi zeendleko.
Ukulawulwa kweendleko zemihla ngemihla ikakhulu ngokuhlalutya kunye nophando lweeyantlukwano ezahlukeneyo zeendleko, ukwenzela ukufumana iingxaki, ukugrumba amandla okunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokubeka phambili amanyathelo athile okuphucula umsebenzi okanye ukulungisa iziphene.Nangona kunjalo, enyanisweni, umahluko weendleko zemihla ngemihla Ishishini ngalinye lothutho luhlala luntsonkothile kwaye luninzi kakhulu ukulawula.Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo lweendleko, abaphathi akufuneki babeke amandla abo kunye nexesha labo lihlakazekile kuzo zonke iiyantlukwano zeendleko, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphakathi; Endaweni yoko, kufuneka siqaqambise amanqaku aphambili. kwaye sijolise ingqalelo yethu kumahluko aphambili angaqhelekanga kwaye angahambelani nesiqhelo. Kufuneka silandele unobangela, sifumane izizathu zomahluko, kwaye sifumane ingxelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiziko elijongene neendleko, ukuze sithathe amanyathelo asebenzayo okuzilawula kakuhle, kwaye sincame ezinye. ezingaphandle kwesiqhelo kwaye ziphuma kwisiqhelo zibizwa ngokuba zizodwa.
2. Umsebenzi wolawulo lweendleko zokugcina iimpahla
Ulawulo lweendleko ze-Warehouse kukusebenzisa eyona ndlela yoqoqosho yokuqonda umsebenzi wokugcina, oko kukuthi, phantsi kwesiseko sokuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa komsebenzi wokugcina, indlela yokunciphisa utyalo-mali kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Umsebenzi wolawulo lweendleko zokugcina iimpahla kukuqhuba uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho malunga nokusebenza kwezixhobo zamashishini, ukuqonda imeko yezoqoqosho kwinkqubo yolungiselelo, ukwenzela ukudala inzuzo enkulu yezothutho kunye neendleko eziphantsi kakhulu. Ixabiso lolungiselelo lwexabiso eliphezulu neliphantsi linempembelelo enkulu, inkqubo yolungiselelo lweshishini ngaxeshanye igcine amanqanaba oluhlu lweshishini ukwenzela imveliso okanye umgangatho wenkonzo yabathengi idlala indima ebalulekileyo, ulawulo lweendleko zokugcina impahla kufuneka lubekho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wenkonzo njengoko into efunekayo.
Iziqulatho zolawulo lweendleko zokugcina impahla
Undoqo wolawulo lweendleko zogcino kukunciphisa utyalo-mali kangangoko kunokwenzeka phantsi kwesiseko sokuqinisekisa ukufezekiswa komsebenzi wogcino.Le yingxaki enxulumene negalelo-imveliso, kunye nengxaki efanelekileyo yokulandela igalelo leendleko zokugcina.
"Inzuzo echaseneyo" ngumthetho osisiseko wendalo yonke kwimisebenzi yezothutho.Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ugcino, njengomsebenzi oyimfuneko, lumiselwa ziimpawu zalo, kwaye kaninzi lunotyekelo lokunciphisa izibonelelo zenkqubo yolungiselelo kunye nokwenza mandundu ukusebenza kwenkqubo yolungiselelo. , ngoko ke inempembelelo "embi" kwimisebenzi yentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho.Le mpembelelo ibangelwa ikakhulu kukugcinwa kwezinto ezingenangqiqo kunye nokuguqulwa komgangatho kunye nokulahlekelwa kwexabiso lezinto ezigcinwe ngexesha lokugcinwa.
Ugcino olungekho ngqiqweni lubonakaliswa ikakhulu kwimiba emibini: enye bubuchwephesha bokugcina obungekho ngqiqweni;Okwesibini, ulawulo logcino, umbutho awuqiqi.Iimbonakalo zayo zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
①. Ixesha lokugcina lide kakhulu;
②. Isixa sogcino sikhulu kakhulu;
③. Isixa sogcino siphantsi kakhulu;
Iimeko zokugcinwa okungonelanga okanye ezigqithisileyo;
⑤. Ukungalingani kwesakhiwo sokugcina.
Utshintsho olusemgangathweni olunokuthi lwenzeke ngexesha lokugcinwa lubangelwa ikakhulu lixesha lokugcinwa, indawo, ukusebenza kunye nezinye izinto.Ifomu yokutshintsha umgangatho ngokukodwa iquka utshintsho lomzimba kunye nomatshini (imeko yobukho bomzimba, ukuvuza, ukuvumba, umonakalo, ukuguqulwa, njl.), imichiza utshintsho (ukubola kunye ne-hydrolysis, i-hydration, i-corrosion, ukuguga, ukudibanisa, i-polymerization, njl.), utshintsho lwe-biochemical, uhlaselo oluhlukeneyo lwezinto eziphilayo (iigundane, izinambuzane, iimbovane), njl.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeempahla ngexesha lokugcinwa zinokuthi zenzeke ilahleko yexabiso, njengelahleko ecothayo, ukulahleka kwexabiso lexesha, iindleko zokugcina ezigqithisileyo, njl.
Ukutshintsha komgangatho kunye nelahleko yexabiso yolu gcino lungekho ngqiqweni kunye nempahla egciniweyo ngexesha lokugcinwa kuya kukhokelela ngokuqinisekileyo ekwenyukeni kweendleko zokugcina, ukuze abaphathi bamashishini baqinise ulawulo lweendleko zokugcina kuzo zonke iinkalo.
4. Ukubaluleka kolawulo lweendleko ze-warehouse
Njengenxalenye yolawulo lweendleko zolungiselelo, ulawulo lweendleko zogcino kwinkalo yolungiselelo lunendawo ebanzi yokunciphisa iindleko, ngoko ke, iingxaki zolungiselelo lweendleko zogcino zibangele ukuba abaphathi bolawulo lweshishini banikele ingqalelo ngokubanzi.
Ulawulo lweendleko zeWarehouse yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lweendleko zolungiselelo
Ukunciphisa iindleko zogcino kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wenkonzo yogcino kwenza owona mxholo usisiseko wolawulo logcino lweshishini. Ulawulo lweendleko zogcino lwentsingiselo: ngokuqondwa okusebenzayo kweendleko zokugcina iimpahla, ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokugcina iimpahla kunye nezibonelelo zoncedo kubudlelwane be-antinomy phakathi kwento nganye, inzululwazi kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla yentlangano efanelekileyo. imisebenzi, ukomeleza imisebenzi yokugcina impahla kwinkqubo yolawulo olusebenzayo lweendleko, ukunciphisa imisebenzi yokugcina impahla ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto zokusebenza kunye nokuphila, ukunciphisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zokugcina, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kumashishini kunye neenjongo zentlalo.
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-inventory ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwe-warehouse
Ukongeza ngaphandle kwindibano intsimi izixhobo ezinkulu, izakhiwo, uninzi lwemveliso jikelele ukuqonda imveliso ngokupheleleyo akukho inventri kunzima kakhulu ukufikelela usukelo lwethu, imveliso jikelele imveliso yezinto ekrwada kufuneka ibe nje isixa esifanelekileyo sokhuseleko stock, oku ukuqinisekisa imveliso ezinzileyo kunye neendlela ezibalulekileyo zokukhuthaza intengiso, kunye nomonakalo ochasene neemeko ezingalindelekanga ukulungiselela amanyathelo angxamisekileyo abalulekileyo, afana nokuxinana kwezithuthi, iforce majeure, iingozi, njl. iya kuvelisa ilahleko, inkunkuma kunye neminye imingcipheko.Ukunciphisa umngcipheko kuphunyezwa ngolawulo lwempahla. Ulawulo lwempahla ngokuqhelekileyo lubandakanya ulawulo lwempahla, ulungiselelo lwendlu yokugcina impahla, ulawulo lokuzaliswa kwakhona, ulungiselelo lokuhanjiswa, njl.
Imisebenzi yogcino-mpahla inceda ekucutheni iindleko zolungiselelo lwenkqubo
Ulwabiwo lweendleko zolungiselelo lwenkqubo kwinkqubo ethile yokusebenza, yahlulahlulwe ngokweendleko zokugcina, iindleko zothutho, iindleko zokusebenza, iindleko zomngcipheko.Indleko yokugcina impahla ayiyonxalenye ebalulekileyo yeendleko zolungiselelo, kodwa ikwayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lweendleko. ukuncitshiswa kweendleko zokugcinwa kwempahla kunokunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zeendleko.Ukuhlanganiswa kweemveliso kwindawo yokugcina impahla, i-stowing efanelekileyo, ukupakishwa kokujikeleza, iqela kunye nolunye ukuhanjiswa kokujikeleza kukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokulayisha kunye nokukhulula, ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iindlela zokuthutha, ukwenzela ukuba ukunciphisa iindleko zothutho.Ukugcinwa okunengqiqo kunye nokuchanekileyo kuya kunciphisa utshintsho lwempahla, ukuhamba, ukunciphisa inani lemisebenzi;Ukusetyenziswa komatshini kunye ne-automation warehousing operations, kukulungele ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza.Ulawulo olulungileyo lokugcina lunokuphumeza ukugcinwa okusebenzayo. kunye nokugcinwa kwempahla, ukulawula ubungakanani obuchanekileyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko kunye neendleko.
Ukuphumeza iinkonzo ezongezelelekileyo zexabiso ngokwenza imisebenzi yokugcina impahla
Ulawulo lwezothutho olugqwesileyo alufuni nje ukuhlangabezana neentengiso zemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, kodwa kufuneka luqhube iinkonzo ezongeziweyo zokuphucula ingeniso yokuthengiswa kwemveliso. , ixabiso lexesha lokufika kwexesha, ixabiso lemarike yeentlambo eziphakamileyo kunye nokulinganisa, kunye nexabiso elongeziweyo leenkonzo zomntu.Iinkonzo ezininzi zexabiso ezongeziweyo zexabiso zenziwa kwikhonkco yokugcina impahla. Ngokulungiswa kokujikeleza, umgangatho wemveliso uyaphuculwa, umsebenzi uyatshintshwa, kwaye ukwenziwa kwemveliso kuyenziwa. Ngolawulo lwexesha lokugcinwa kwempahla, isingqisho semveliso kunye nesingqisho sokusetyenziswa zilungelelaniswa, kwaye ixabiso lexesha eliluncedo lolawulo lolungiselelo liyafezekiswa.Ngokuhlanganiswa kwempahla yokugcina, yenza iinkonzo zomntu ngamnye ukuze zisetyenziswe.
Ukulinganisa umsebenzi wokujikeleza imali ngokugcina imisebenzi
Imathiriyeli ekrwada, iimveliso, iimveliso ezigqityiweyo zamashishini amashishini, kunye neemveliso zamashishini arhweba abona bantu bahlala kwinkunzi yokusebenza. Ulawulo lwempahla eneneni lulawulo lwenkunzi esebenzayo, kwaye ulawulo lwempahla lulolona lulungelelwaniso lulonke lokuhlala kwenkunzi yokusebenza yamashishini.Ngenxa yokuba, ngokwandisa ubungakanani bomyalelo kunokunciphisa iindleko zoodolo kunye neendleko zothutho, ukugcina ukuveliswa okuthile kunye nezinto ezikrwada. iya kunciphisa inani lotshintshiselwano lwemveliso, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle, ugcino kunye nolawulo lweendleko zolungiselelo kukufuna owona mdlalo ubalaseleyo phakathi kwezi zimbini, ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yokunciphisa i-capital logistics.
Umthombo: Uthungelwano loShishino lweShelf
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-25-2021